Week6 -The New Hollywood

New Hollywood 

New Hollywood or post- classical Hollywood , sometimes referred to as the " American New Wave ", refers to the time from roughly the late-1960s ( 《Bonnie and Clyde》 ,《 The Graduate》 ) to the early 1980s ( 《Heaven's Gate》 , 《One from the Heart 》) when a new generation of young filmmakers came to prominence in United States, influencing the types of films produced, their production and marketing, and the way major studios approached filmmaking.In New Hollywood films, the film director took on a key authorial role.

The films they made were part of the studio system , and although these individuals were not " independent filmmakers ", they introduced subject matter and styles that set them apart from the studio traditions that an earlier generation had established ca.1920s–1950s.New Hollywood has also been defined as a broader filmmaking movement influenced by this period, which has been called the "Hollywood renaissance".

The Graduate（1967）

The Graduate is a 1967 American comedy-drama film directed by Mike Nichols .  It is based on the 1963 novel The Graduate by Charles Webb , who wrote it shortly after graduating from Williams College .The screenplay is by Calder Willingham and Buck Henry , who appears in the film as a hotel clerk.

The film tells the story of 21-year-old Benjamin Braddock (Dustin Hoffman), a recent college graduate with no well-defined aim in life, who is seduced by an older woman, Mrs. Robinson (Anne Bancroft), and then proceeds to fall in love with her daughter Elaine (Katharine Ross).

                                                                                                     

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4YUbYU6LmQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K_xTQA8Wok



Film Review

Classic Movies When melodious soothing "Scarborough Fair" sounded, they took us back 40 years ago, "The Graduate", the youth may already be in your profligate youth may be drifting away from you, but That Sentimental reckless and wanton insolent always life's most memorable things.

 Each of us has had youth, everyone has had to face confused and cautious future of life, we have loved everything but yet at a loss, in addition to the future unpredictable, more deadly season for heterosexual youth curiosity and unable to resist. The movie "The Graduate" in just graduated from college, Benjamin is in such a state, and that he sincerely kind but shy introverted, but he also has the youth and all people as ignorant being full of aggressive curiosity, a strong heart lust no place to vent, and Mrs. Robinson marital relations because of discord, elegant in appearance but is a lonely depressed body needs consolation, and honest ignorant brat Benjamin is just best to meet the target of her passions.

Almost no one accuses Benjamin of moral fault, because everyone has their youth, can experience the kind of sexual fantasy and joy, when mature and charismatic Mrs. Robinson unbridled lure young Benjamin with the body, and Compared blazing repressed passions, moral constraints immediately become weak and powerless, everyone put himself in position to consider Benjamin: for me, I was able to resist the temptation to do that? The obvious answer is self-evident. So life and Ethics immediately fiery passions burn into ashes, buried a chaotic complex love entanglements.

Benjamin know their immoral behavior, but he very eager Mrs. Robinson's body, in her there, he could give vent to nowhere to release youth lust, looking to find a more adult self-confidence and sense of accomplishment. In fact, so much sophistication Mrs. Robinson is the use of sexual desire Benjamin, might as well say she is the use of Benjamin's life is not unique to young confident and feisty, she used the phrase "you think you qualify "Such success blindingly easily capture Benjamin. All the confusion is the initiator of Mrs. Robinson, this woman elegant and yet dissolute, she was hateful and yet sad pathetic shameful, in fact, a victim of her own unhappy marriage, but simply need to flesh between her and Benjamin, There is no emotion, she can use Benjamin's passion, but it can not control Benjamin's youth, especially when this youth encounter love, it becomes fearless.

The tragic story that Benjamin Robinson family suddenly fell in love with the daughter of Elaine holiday return, and dramatic place also here. The power of love is great, it can make decadent stricken people perk, it can also make a good life depressed, it can make people Ganchangcunduan lose, regardless of whether it also can make people desperate. So honest shy Benjamin became a runaway horse in general, unrestrained dedication, family and friends at all offended, despite the threat of coercion and Mr. Robinson Mrs. Robinson, crazy he wanted to do was get Elaine, because young beautiful Iraq Ryan is the confusion in his only feel light, he just wanted desperately to catch her, as to how to seize the future, he actually did not know, which is why he simply repeated requests to Elaine and his The reason to get married tomorrow, this "tomorrow" is actually not clear, because he does not know what will happen tomorrow, but how should he like? That's why when the two young men regardless of moral etiquette crazy after fleeing forced marriages, under the watchful eyes on the bus, but they feel dejected after beaming reasons. They happy? The answer can not be determined, because their union is a contrary to the conventional combination, no matter where they fled, Benjamin and Elaine can not avoid the fact that his mother had intimate relations, which is always lie between them of a divide.

The film is almost lost the most important spiritual tone. Benjamin is confused, he did not want to live on their parents arranged for him, but he has no plan; Benjamin's parents are confused, they live a comfortable middle-class life, but did not know his son's true thoughts; Mrs. Robinson confused, her failed marriage but can not restart their lives, had indulged alcohol indulgence; and Mr. Robinson was confused, his wife affair, he did not know how to deal with, but simply trying to stop her daughter and combined with Benjamin; and Elaine actually confused in the face of Benjamin including another suitor to marry him, she can do just answered "maybe", which is a group of confused people, but also a lost era. In fact, the film is just the background of the times in the 1960s, American society has experienced rapid economic development during the Second World War, the rich material life makes people need a new spiritual pursuit, and therefore there has been all kinds of social thought , such as sexual liberation, the black movement, anti-war and communism thoughts, etc., and in many social thought, many people also feel confused and do not know which way to go, we can say the movie "The Graduate." In fact, the overall atmosphere of the story is this a microcosm of the times. Because of the film not only reflects the demands of the times, and ahead of its time, mapping the strong long-lasting qualities of youth people age, so timeless, in the tone of light comedy has always exudes sadness among the helpless and thought-provoking charm .

The film appeared that two famous songs have distinct characteristics of the times, especially in "Scarborough Fair" for the most. Melodious songs to soothe and yet with a touch of melancholy in the face of this song have been young people who have lived for the past that is difficult to suppress Yousui complex to think about, that on behalf of youth sexuality guitar sound with the film's plot and tone fit was rigorous, can be described as the icing on the cake of God. Today, more competitive society, people's living space more narrow, young life has become more difficult in order to resonate in full bloom, when the dejected, "Scarborough Fair" came the faint hope that your youth is not lost!

Week5- European art cinema （1960）

European art cinema

European art cinema is a branch of cinema that was popular in the 1960s. It is based on a rejection of the tenets and techniques of classical Hollywood cinema .

European art cinema gained popularity in the 1960s, with notable filmmakers such as Federico Fellini , Michelangelo Antonioni , and Ingmar Bergman .At this time it was new to the even broader field of art cinema .

The continuity editing system is not necessarily abandoned but instead is not needed . The cause and effect driven narrative , as well as the goal-oriented protagonist are also not needed. Instead, we may have the protagonist wander around aimlessly for the whole movie, with nothing of real importance happening to drive him from one activity to the other.

Notable films：
1.）Closely Watched Trains  2.）Bicycle Thieves  3.）8 1/2   4.）Wild Strawberries

8½ （1963）

8½  is a 1963 Italian comedy-drama film directed by Federico Fellini . 8½ won two Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film and Best Costume Design (black-and-white).

Plot

Guido Anselmi ( Marcello Mastroianni ), a famous Italian film director, is suffering from " director's block ". Stalled on his new science fiction film that includes veiled autobiographical references, he has lost interest amid artistic and marital difficulties. As Guido struggles half-heartedly to work on the film, a series of flashbacks and dreams delve into his memories and fantasies;they are frequently interwoven with reality.

Themes

8½ is about the struggles involved in the creative process, both technical and personal, and the problems artists face when expected to deliver something personal and profound with intense public scrutiny, on a constricted schedule, while simultaneously having to deal with their own personal relationships.

It is, in a larger sense, about finding true personal happiness in a difficult, fragmented life. Like several Italian films of the period (most evident in the films of Fellini's contemporary, Michelangelo Antonioni ), 8½ also is about the alienating effects of modernisation . 

I would like to recommend my favorite scenes.

8½ （1963）

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g23_s-xr3FU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHpSI2kHV-o

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vb77JICtSP0

Federico Fellini 

Federico Fellini ( January 20, 1920 – October 31, 1993) was an Italian film director and screenwriter.

Known for his distinct style that blends fantasy and baroque images with earthiness, he is considered one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers of the 20th century. Some of his films are placed in polls such as in Cahiers du cinéma and Sight & Sound as some of the greatest films of all time, with his 1963 film 8½ being listed as the 10th greatest film of all time by Sight & Sound .

In a career spanning almost fifty years, Fellini won the Palme d'Or for La Dolce Vita , was nominated for twelve Academy Awards , and directed four motion pictures that won Oscars in the category of Best Foreign Language Film. In 1993, he was awarded an honorary Oscar for Lifetime Achievement at the 65th Annual Academy Awards in Los Angeles.

Amélie

Amélie  is a 2001 romantic comedy film directed by Jean-Pierre Jeunet. Written by Jeunet with Guillaume Laurant,  the film is a whimsical depiction of contemporary Parisian life, set in Montmartre. It tells the story of a shy waitress, played by Audrey Tautou, who decides to change the lives of those around her for the better, while struggling with her own isolation. The film was a co-production between companies in France and Germany. Grossing over $33 million in limited theatrical release, it is still the highest-grossing French-language film released in the United States.

The film received critical acclaim and was a major box office success. Amélie won Best Film at the European Film Awards; it also won four César Awards (including Best Film and Best Director), two BAFTA Awards (including Best Original Screenplay), and was nominated for five Academy Awards. A Broadway adaptation is in development.

Plot：

Amélie Poulain was raised by eccentric parents who — erroneously believing that she had a heart defect — prevented her from meeting other children. She was home schooled by her mother. She developed an active imagination and fantasy life to cope with her loneliness. After her mother is killed in a freak accident, her father's withdrawal from society worsens. Amélie eventually decides to leave home and becomes a waitress at Café des 2 Moulins in Montmartre, which is staffed and frequented by a collection of eccentrics. Spurning romantic relationships after a few disappointing efforts, she finds contentment in simple pleasures and letting her imagination roam free.

On 31 August 1997, Amélie is startled by the news of the death of Princess Diana, causing her to drop a plastic perfume-stopper which in turn dislodges a loose bathroom tile. Behind the tile she finds an old metal box of childhood memorabilia hidden by a boy who lived in her apartment decades earlier. She resolves to track down the boy and return the box to him, and promises herself that if she finds him and it makes him happy, she will devote her life to bringing happiness to others and helping others as much as she can.

She asks Mrs. Wells, the concierge, about the boy. Wells redirects her to the abusive greengrocer, Mr. Collignon, who redirects Amélie to his mother. Mrs. Collignon remembers the name "Dominique Bredoteau", but Amélie has no success finding the owner of the box. Amélie meets her reclusive neighbour, Raymond Dufayel, a man whose bones are as fragile as glass and an artist who repaints Luncheon of the Boating Party by Pierre-Auguste Renoir every year. He remembers the boy also, but correctly recalls the name as "Bretodeau". Amélie quickly finds the man and surreptitiously passes him the box. Moved to tears by the discovery and the memories it holds, Bretodeau resolves to reconcile with his estranged daughter and the grandson he has never met. Amélie happily embarks on her new mission.

Amélie secretly executes complex schemes that affect the lives of those around her. She escorts a blind man to the Métro station, giving him a rich description of the street scenes he passes. She persuades her father to follow his dream of touring the world by stealing his garden gnome and having a flight attendant friend airmail pictures of it posing with landmarks from all over the world. She kindles a romance between a middle-aged co-worker and one of the customers in the bar. She convinces Mrs. Wells that the husband who abandoned her had sent her a final conciliatory love letter just before his accidental death years before. She avenges Lucien, Mr. Collignon's meek but good-natured assistant (who is the constant target of his abuse), by playing a number of practical jokes on Collignon, leaving him utterly exhausted and his ego deflated, while a delighted Lucien takes charge at the grocery stand.

While she is looking after others, Mr. Dufayel is observing her. He begins a conversation with her about his painting, a replica of Luncheon of the Boating Party. Although he has copied the same painting 20 times, he has never quite captured the look of the girl drinking a glass of water. They discuss the meaning of this character, and over several conversations Amélie begins projecting her loneliness on to the image. Dufayel recognizes this, and uses the girl in the painting to push Amélie to examine her attraction to a quirky young man who collects the discarded photographs of strangers from passport photo booths. When Amélie bumps into the young man a second time, she realizes she is falling in love with him. He accidentally drops a photo album in the street. Amélie retrieves it. She discovers his name is Nino Quincampoix, and she plays a cat-and-mouse game with him around Paris before returning his treasured album anonymously. After orchestrating a proper meeting at the 2 Moulins, she is too shy to approach him and tries to deny her identity. Her co-worker, concerned for Amélie's well-being, screens Nino for her; a café patron's comment about this misleads Amélie to believe she has lost Nino to the co-worker. It takes Dufayel's insight to give her the courage to pursue Nino, resulting in a romantic night together and the beginning of a relationship.

                           

Film Review：

This is a movie with a few meters of the landscape, such that the open subway, downtown amusement park; this is a plot with a Hitchcock movie, such as rear window glass man with binoculars camera, which is Wong Kar-wai has a style, you can look at a snack bar journeyman Tony Wong sneaked into the room quietly changed his life, too, Emily maid cafe with a key to a vegetable store owner, elusive teasing his every nerve.

Although it has so much pure color and accordion melodies, but it is a Hans Christian Andersen, Grimm's, children's movies. Emily, a lonely old people can give back fifty years ago, the memories of the children, a Santa Claus can be mailed to children anywhere in the world, a language used for crossing the beauty of the world's blind uncle depict children, one for lonely landlady letter sent forty years ago Acacia girl with a painted blue arrow in the park, make love not catch their children.

In her camera, the clouds can become any shape she wants, and her people Tricky, huh, huh, it can be miserable. In her television, the lines can become whatever she wants dialogue, face people who need help, she will do everything we can. The glass people, are painted two decades of Renault • A "Luncheon on board." He said his most difficult to try to figure out, is that the picture is the most insignificant, the most humble a woman. It is also modest in life Emily changed the lives of everyone. In fact, she was not an angel, she was just an ordinary child.

Week4-The French New Wave （1959 -1964）

The New Wave is a blanket term coined by critics for a group of French filmmakers of the late 1950s and 1960s.

Although never a formally organised movement, the New Wave filmmakers were linked by their self-conscious rejection of the literary period pieces being made in France and written by novelists, along with their spirit of youthful iconoclasm , the desire to shoot more current social issues on location, and their intention of experimenting with the film form.

"New Wave" is an example of European art cinema . Many also engaged in their work with the social and political upheavals of the era, making their radical experiments with editing, visual style and narrative part of a general break with the conservative paradigm.


Using portable equipment and requiring little or no set up time, the New Wave way of filmmaking presented a documentary style. The films exhibited direct sounds on film stock that required less light. Filming techniques included fragmented, discontinuous editing, and long takes.

The combination of objective realism, subjective realism, and authorial commentary created a narrative ambiguity in the sense that questions that arise in a film are not answered in the end. 

The four hundred blows(1959）

The 400 Blows is a 1959 French drama film , the debut by director François Truffaut ;One of the defining films of the French New Wave , it displays many of the characteristic traits of the movement.

Written by Truffaut and Marcel Moussy, the film is about Antoine Doinel , a misunderstood adolescent in Paris who is thought by his parents and teachers to be a troublemaker.

Filmed on location in Paris and Honfleur , it is the first in a series of five films in which Léaud plays the semi-autobiographical character.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i89oN8v7RdY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyBvPcPFXyc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4jGNoag_1g

François Truffaut 

François Roland Truffaut ( 6 February 1932 – 21 October 1984) was a French film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film critic , as well as one of the founders of the French New Wave . [ 1 ] In a film career lasting over a quarter of a century, he remains an icon of the French film industry, having worked on over 25 films.

Truffaut's film The 400 Blows came to be a defining film of the French New Wave movement. He also directed such classics as Shoot the Piano Player (1960), Jules et Jim (1961), The Wild Child (1970), Two English Girls (1971), Day for Night (1973) and The Woman Next Door (1981).

Breathless (1960 )

Breathless  is a 1960 French film written and directed by Jean-Luc Godard about a wandering criminal ( Jean-Paul Belmondo ) and his American girlfriend ( Jean Seberg ).It was Godard's first feature-length work and represented Belmondo's breakthrough as an actor.

Breathless was one of the earliest, most influential examples of French New Wave ( nouvelle vague ) cinema. Together with François Truffaut 's The 400 Blows and Alain Resnais 's Hiroshima, Mon Amour , both released a year earlier, it brought international acclaim to this new style of French filmmaking.At the time, the film attracted much attention for its bold visual style, which included unconventional use of jump cuts .

                                                Breathless (1960 )

                   

         https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7St14sqjyA

       Band of outsiders(1964)

Band of outsiders is a 1964 Nouvelle vague film directed by Jean-Luc Godard .The film is an adaptation of the novel Fools' Gold (Doubleday Crime Club, 1958) by American author Dolores Hitchens (1907–1973).

The film belongs to the French New Wave movement.Godard described it as " Alice in Wonderland meets Franz Kafka ". A minute of silence: In one scene, Arthur, Franz, and Odic are in a crowded café and decide to observe a minute of silence;as they do so the film's soundtrack is plunged into complete silence. This silence actually lasts only 36 seconds and is interrupted by Franz, who says "Enough of that."

         Bande à part (1964) - Dance scene [HD]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u1MKUJN7vUk

Jean-Luc Godard ( born 3 December 1930) is a French-Swiss film director, screenwriter and film critic . He is often identified with the 1960s French film movement La Nouvelle Vague , or " New Wave".

To challenge this tradition, he and like-minded critics started to make their own films.  Many of Godard's films challenge the conventions of traditional Hollywood in addition to French cinema. He is often considered the most radical French filmmaker of the 1960s and 1970s; his approach in film conventions, politics and philosophies made him arguably the most influential director of the French New Wave.

Along with showing knowledge of film history through homages and references, several of his films expressed his political views;he was an avid reader of existential and Marxist philosophy.Since the New Wave, his politics have been much less radical and his recent films are about representation and human conflict from a humanist, and a Marxist perspective.

Les Bonnes Femmes

Les Bonnes Femmes is a French comedic drama directed by Claude Chabrol .Les Bonnes Femmes is a French comedic drama directed by Claude Chabrol .

The film tells the story of four single Parisian women and their domestic and romantic encounters.

Claude Henri Jean Chabrol ( 24 June 1930 – 12 September 2010) was a French film director , a member of the French New Wave ( nouvelle vague ) group of filmmakers who first came to prominence at the end of the 1950s.

Chabrol's career began with Le Beau Serge (1958), inspired by Hitchcock 's Shadow of a Doubt (1943).Thrillers became something of a trademark for Chabrol, with an approach characterized by a distanced objectivity.This is especially apparent in Les Biches (1968), La Femme infidèle (1969), and Le Boucher (1970) – all featuring Stéphane Audran , who was his wife at the time.

Week3-Italian Neorealism(1940s -1960s)

Italian neorealism


Italian Neorealism , also known as The Golden Age of Italian Cinema , is a national film movement characterized by stories set amongst the poor and the working class, filmed on location, frequently using non-professional actors.

Italian Neorealist films mostly contend with the difficult economic and moral conditions of post-World War II Italy, representing changes in the Italian psyche and conditions of everyday life , including poverty , oppression, injustice and desperation.

Blue valentine 

Romantic movies - Drama love story romance movies

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBwy17FE1fI

Blue Valentine is a 2010 American romantic drama film named after the Tom Waits album , written and directed by Derek Cianofrance .

The film depicts a married couple, Dean Pereira (Gosling) and Cynthia "Cindy" Heller (Williams), shifting back and forth in time between their courtship and the dissolution of their marriage several years later. Michelle Williams was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress .

Film Review：

"Blue Valentine" extremely accurate portrayal of Life for some American-style marriage, the decline of the history of love, but also throwing a non-real world that indulges couples pot of cold water, but also the history of the decline of marriage can point and surface covering many of today's social problems in the US marriage level, can be used as a negative typical American marriage to look at, this film the most explicit, the most extreme place is not erotic, but brutal, naked to show us how marriage kind of become the tomb of love.

What is tragedy? Tragedy is the good things that you think you see the destruction of the living, "Blue Valentine" is counted on this year's most successful love tragedy, and it is almost completely subvert a person's attitude towards love and marriage, in large Most people's eyes, love, marriage is an extremely good thing, but something "Blue Valentine" is expressed in love and marriage deep despair, the whole piece is indulging in a melancholy atmosphere, but the film The cold violence more people feel depressed. Dean and Cindy's face the reality of marital problems irreconcilable conflict constantly upgrading, deterioration of their marriage eventually sent to the grave.

Videos to expand the use of double cross narrative film, a line based on real time and space as the origin, described Dean and Cindy walk after the sixth year of marriage, marital status worsening, this line is the emotion go down constantly. Another line was six years ago, Dean and Cindy from acquaintance to friend into the marriage hall, this time their love is getting strong and sweet, this emotion is constantly going up the line, and when complete is to go to the opposite direction of two clues are intertwined, the film had a huge emotional gap, the experience of life difficult for water to happiness than the initial and final pain of longing love, longing movie splashed marriage pot of cold water. Time is a terrible thing, is no match for time commitment and marshes, face gradually cool feeling, facing the reality of a measure to choose between, face their own different ideas of life, Dean and Cindy ultimately can only be like the movie last Like back the opposite direction, lopsided.

Bicycle Thieves（1948）

Bicycle Thieves is a 1948 film directed by Vittorio De Sica .

The film follows the story of a poor father searching post-World War II Rome for his stolen bicycle, without which he will lose the job which was to be the salvation of his young family.

It received an Academy Honorary Award in 1950 and, just four years after its release, was deemed the greatest film of all time by Sight & Sound magazine's poll of filmmakers and critics;  fifty years later the same poll ranked it sixth among greatest-ever films. It is also one of the top ten among the British Film Institute's list of films you should see by the age of 14 .

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3jnzXX9mXs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_lJbSJoIuw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Myo2vOIGvLQ

Vittorio De Sica （7 July 1901 – 13 November 1974) was an Italiandirector and actor, a leading figure in the neorealist movement.

Four of the films he directed won Academy Awards: Sciuscià and Bicycle Thieves were awarded honorary Oscars, while Ieri, oggi, domani and Il giardino dei Finzi Contini won the Best Foreign Language Film Oscar .

Indeed, the great critical success of Sciuscià (the first foreign film to be so recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ) and Bicycle Thieves helped establish the permanent Best Foreign Film Oscar.

These two films generally are considered part of the canon of classic cinema. Bicycle Thieves was cited by Turner Classic Movies as one of the 15 most influential films in cinema history. 

Persona (1966 )

Persona is a 1966 black and white Swedish film written and directed by Ingmar Bergman and starring Bibi Andersson and Liv Ullmann . Persona ’s story revolves around a young nurse named Alma (Bibi Andersson) and her patient, a well-known stage actress named Elisabet Vogler (Liv Ullmann), who has suddenly ceased to speak.

Persona has been labelled a psychological drama and modernist horror and was subject to cuts due to the film's controversial subject matter. It is the sixth collaboration between influential cinematographer Sven Nyqvist and director Ingmar Bergman and features their trademark minimalism.

As with Bergman's other works, the film is shot and set in Sweden and deals with the themes of illness, bleakness, death and insanity.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySa4fK9SqII

Ernst Ingmar Bergman （14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish director, writer and producer who worked in film, television, and theatre.

He is recognized as one of the most accomplished and influential auteurs of all time [ 1 ] and is most famous for films such as The Seventh Seal (1957), Wild Strawberries (1957), Persona (1966), Cries and Whispers (1972), and Fanny and Alexander (1982).


Most of his films were set in his country, and numerous films from Through a Glass Darkly (1961) onward were filmed on the island of Fårö . His work often dealt with death, illness, faith, betrayal, bleakness and insanity.

           

The Eclipse （1962）

L'Eclisse (English: Eclipse ) is a 1962 Italian drama film written and directed by Michelangelo Antonioni and starring Alain Delon and Monica Vitti .

Filmed on location in Rome and Verona,  L'Eclisse is about a young woman who breaks up with an older lover and then has an affair with a confident young stockbroker whose materialistic nature eventually undermines their relationship. The film is considered the last part of a trilogy which was preceded by L'Avventura (1960) and La Notte (1961). In Martin Scorsese 's documentary My Voyage to Italy , the director called L'Eclisse the boldest film in Antonioni's trilogy. L'Eclisse won the Special Jury Prize at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Palme d'Or . 

        Michelangelo Antonioni 1960-1967

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ocIE2ppUsI

Michelangelo Antonioni ,  (29 September 1912 – 30 July 2007), was an Italian film director , screenwriter , editor , and short story writer .


Best known for his "trilogy on modernity and its discontents" — L'Avventura (1960), La Notte (1961), and L'Eclisse (1962)—Antonioni "redefined the concept of narrative cinema" and challenged traditional approaches to storytelling, realism, drama, and the world at large. 

He produced "enigmatic and intricate mood pieces" and rejected action in favour of contemplation, focusing on image and design over character and story.His films defined a "cinema of possibilities".